What Are The Various Fields Within Urology?

DR. RAJEENTHERAN SUNTHERALINGAM
MBBS, FRCS (Edin), FRCS (Glasgow), FRCS UROLOGY (Glasgow),
MBU Urology (Mal), AM (Mal)
Advanced Urological training (Bristol Urological Institute, U.K),
Certificate in Urodynamics (Bristol), Urology Board Certificate (Mal)

What Are The Various Fields Within Urology?

The various fields in Urology include Endourology dealing with urinary tract stones and various endoscopic procedures, Urologic Oncology (urological cancers), Reconstructive Urology, Male Sexual Health with Andrology and Male Infertility, Female Urology, Urodynamics and Neurourology (nervous system control disorders of the genitourinary organs), Pediatric Urology, and Vascular Access surgery in Renal (Kidney) Failure with Transplantation.

The procedures a Urologist perform include procedures related to:

  1. Endourology – dealing with urinary tract stones and various endoscopic urology procedures like ureteric strictures, ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction
  2. Urologic Oncology (urological cancers) – dealing with surgery in Kidney cancer, Ureteric cancer, Bladder cancer, Prostate cancer, Penile cancer and Testicular cancer
  3. Reconstructive Urology – reconstructing the urinary system as in bladder cancers by reconstructing the intestine to form a bladder or a diversion conduit, enlarging the bladder in spinal injury patients by augmentation cystoplasty by using the intestines to enlarge the bladder, reconstructing the penis after amputation, reconstructing various grafts during reconstruction of urethra, scrotum and penis
  4. Male Sexual Health with Andrology and Male Infertility –  dealing with male sexual problems and sexual dysfunction, low testosterone issues
  5. Female Urology with Incontinence Surgery – involved with urological conditions affecting women due to the unique anatomy of the female urinary tract and reproductive system – including urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, urinary bladder prolapse treatments
  6. Urodynamics and Neurourology – dealing with nervous system control disorders of the genitourinary organs and spinal problems affecting the bladder and kidneys
  7. Pediatric Urology –  dealing with urinary problems in children
  8. Vascular Access surgery in Renal (Kidney) Failure with Transplantation – deals with constructing arterio-venous fistulas and vascular access for hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, as well as involved in renal (kidney) transplantation.

Urologists are well-trained in their fields and have ventured to Laparoscopic Urology (Key-hole Surgery) as well.